Article

Peritoneal dialysis is an effective renal replacement therapy suitable for patients requiring dialysis. Before undergoing this treatment, patients must have a catheter (commonly known as a 'belly line') surgically placed into the abdominal cavity. This catheter connects to infusion lines and dialysis fluid, forming a dialysis system.

Using this system and sterile techniques, 1 to 2 litres of dialysis fluid are injected into the abdomen. The peritoneal membrane's osmosis gradually collects excess water and waste products (such as urea and creatinine) into the dialysis fluid. After several hours, the used fluid is drained out, and fresh dialysis fluid is infused.
 

Care for the Catheter and Exit Site

1. Secure the catheter to prevent bending or pulling, avoiding issues with the protective cuff.
2. Avoid tight clothing, and ensure safety belts are not too tight while driving.
3. Maintain personal hygiene by showering daily with a handheld showerhead, avoiding bathtubs.
4. Swimming is prohibited to prevent contamination from pool or seawater.
5. After showering, disinfect the catheter exit site and report any signs of redness, swelling, or discharge to the nephrology centre immediately.
    

Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis

• Peritonitis: Symptoms include cloudy fluid, abdominal pain, and fever. If these symptoms occur, contact the nephrology centre immediately.
• Fluid Retention: This is often noticeable as swelling in the ankles and face, and patients should monitor for signs of low drainage and sudden weight gain.
• Dehydration: Early signs include dry mouth and dizziness; monitor for excessive drainage and sudden weight loss.
   

Fluid Management

Daily fluid intake should be approximately 500 millilitres, plus the total difference in fluid drained from dialysis and urine output. If there is no urine output, the allowable fluid intake is around 500 millilitres plus the total difference from dialysis.
 

Lifestyle Habits

After adjusting to dialysis treatment, patients can generally resume daily activities. We encourage patients to maintain good lifestyle habits, including quitting smoking, engaging in moderate exercise, and keeping a positive mindset.