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痛風

痛風

Rheumatology
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This health article is available in Chinese only.

痛風屬新陳代謝失調的一種，是由於體內產生過多尿酸，形成尿酸鹽，並積聚於關節之內，引致發炎疼痛。食物中的嘌呤經新陳代謝後，便會形成尿酸。正常人能將多餘的尿酸排出體外，但某些人體內的新陳代謝受遺傳因素影響，容易產生過多尿酸，加上飲食不節制，誘發痛風。大部份患者都年過40，當中男性多於女性。

 

病徵

痛風初期沒有病徵，直至病發時腳趾公會突然紅腫及劇痛，數天後才會逐漸消退。若未有及時控制血液內的尿酸，尿酸會積聚於體內各個關節關節中，引致多個關節發炎，並且會經常復發。痛風後期的患者關節因長期發炎，變得畸型，失去工作能力。而且過多的尿酸亦會積聚於體內各部份，例如腎臟及皮膚等，造成腎臟受損等問題。

 

診斷

以下為各種可診斷痛風的方法：

一般為臨床診斷，有需要時可抽取發炎關節的關節液: 檢查關節內是否有尿酸鹽，抽血檢查血清內尿酸含量，但不可單憑尿酸含量診斷痛風。


治療
治療主要分為兩大類，一類為痛風發作時的治療，另一類為防止痛風發作。

  • 痛風發作時的治療
    • 非類固醇消炎藥(NSAIDS)
    • 秋水仙素(colchicine)
    • 類固醇
    • 止痛藥
    • 休息及多飲水
  • 防止痛風發作
    • 服用藥物減少尿酸鹽形成
    • 改善生活習慣：戒酒、維持正常體重、低普林餐(即減少進食內臟、少油、少豆及少調味品等)

 

The content of this article is for reference only and does not constitute final diagnostic or treatment advice.

Please consult a doctor regarding treatment options and should not rely solely on the information provided on this website.

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