Kidney Stones

What is Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones are solid formations made of minerals and salts that crystallize in the urine.
 

They typically arise due to the following reasons:

• Inadequate Water Intake: When the body lacks sufficient hydration, urine becomes concentrated, increasing the likelihood of crystallization.
• Unbalanced Diet: Diets high in calcium, oxalate, or sodium may raise the risk of stone formation.
• Genetic Factors: Individuals with a family history of kidney stones are at a higher risk.

Symptoms:

• Severe pain in the lower back and abdomen
• Hematuria (blood in urine)
• Frequent urination or difficulty urinating
• Nausea and vomiting
• Discomfort in the lower abdomen or flanks
   

Treatment Options:

• Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
• Flexible Ureteroscopy with Laser Lithotripsy
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)