Outcomes

The expect outcome of this procedure is determined on different indications. This operation should result in making diagnosis and evaluation of bladder and urethral problems. This operation also able to perform urethral dilation, bladder wash out, bladder biopsy, insertion/ removal of ureteric stent or retrograde pyelogram.

Pre-procedure Preparations

• No food or drinks six hours before operation.
• Please change into a surgical gown after removing all clothing including undergarments, dentures, jewellery and contact lenses.
• Please empty your bladder before the operation.

Procedures

• It takes about 10 – 15 minutes
• Lie flat or elevation of legs
• The operation can be performed under local anaesthesia, intravenous sedation, monitored anaesthetic care or general anaesthesia. Instillation of local anaesthetic jelly to the urinary tract will be carried out before the procedure
• Cystoscopy will be introduced into urethra and bladder. The bladder will be filled up with normal saline solution till full for better visualization
• Urethral dilatation, bladder washout, biopsy, insertion or removal of ureteric stent as well as retrograde pyelogram may be performed if indicated

Post-procedure Instructions

• You should drink plenty of fluid around 2000-2500cc per day, including drinks and water contained in food. If you have any heart or renal disease, please check with your doctor.
• Mild pain, blood stained urine, frequent urination and urinary urgency are common post-operatively. These symptoms will gradually subside in few days.
• If any biopsy is performed during the procedure, biopsy results generally will be available one week later.

Advices on discharge

• You should immediately consult doctor or return to hospital for professional attention in the event offever over 38℃ or 100℉, dysuria, turbid urine, heavy haematuria and etc.
• Any follow-up consultations should be attended as scheduled.

Possible Risks and Complications

• During procedure
  - Anaesthetic complications (rare)
  - Perforation of urinary tract or bladder (rare)
  - False tract formation
• After procedure
  - Urinary tract infection (<5%)
  - Haematuria and dysuria
  - Narrowing of urinary tract (urethral stricture) (<5%)
  - Acute retention of urine (rare)

The risks listed above are in general terms and the possibility of complications is not exhaustive. You should understand that even though all operations are carried out with utmost professionalism and care this does not rule out the possibility of complications arising. In the event of peripheral organ damage or post-operative haemorrhage or leakage, further operations may be required.